Reel-oven



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REEL OVEN.

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Y No. 377,965.

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REBL'OVEIL 180 877,965. v Patented Feb. 14, 1888.

UNITED STATES PATENT Orrics.

REEL-OVENp SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 377,965,dated February 14, 1888.

. Application filed April 18, 1887. Serial No. 235,261. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

l 3e it known that I, CHARLES STEWART, a citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia,in the countyof Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania,haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements inReel-Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

The object of the invention is to cause the radiation and diffusion ofheat and equalization of temperature within an oven; and it conslsts insuch'a construction of the upper wall or'roof of the fire-receptacle atan elevated angle inward as will permit of a rapid exit from thereceptacle of the products of combustlon to the oven, a wall at innerend of oven having dues of graduated sizes of opening, whereby it isdesigned to control and prevent rapid exit of heat from oven out ofchimney and cause diffusion and radiation over the area when regulatedby a damper.

In the accompanying drawings, which make a part of this specification,Figure 1 is an elevation of the oven with the side wall removed and thefire-receptacle being shown in section. Flg. 2 is a sectional view takenthrough the broken line 00 wof Fig. 1 in the direction of the arrow.Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view-taken through the broken line y y ofFig. 1. Fig.4 is a plan view, on an enlarged scale, of one of thepivoted frames H and its floor-tiling.

Like letters of reference in all the figures indicate the same parts.

A are the inclosing brick walls of the oven, with the openinga in itsfront for access to the interior,and the fire-box and ash-pit doors b.b.

B is the fire-receptacle, that is provided with openings in its sidewalls that communicate with the open-top flues e, that are arranged inthe spaces between a series of fires. The arch top of the firereceptacleis elevated in height at its inner end to that of the front and a con:sequent rise of the sides, in order to give greater heatingsurface and afree unobstructed passage outward therefrom of the products ofcombustion. A series of orifices, d, in the arch also serve to aid inthe escape of heat from the fires. The horizontal flue O in the rear ofthe oven, leading into the stack, has its wall 9 perforated by a seriesof openings, h, those near the stack being contracted in width, whilethe farthest removed are enlarged, the object of this construction beingto cause the volume of heat or products of combustion (as the case maybe, by the regulation of dampers in the draft and exit fines) totraverse the area of the oven previous to escape through and into thestack.

The frames H are hung by means of pins j thereon in the usual-manner.The metallic end plates, 1, are provided with bores near their loweredges,into which the opposing ends of the rods m are inserted andsecured therein,

' thereby forming a frame for the reception upon the rods of thesections of vitrified or steatite tiles 1), upon which the rawbiscuit-dough is .upon the arms of the reel-wheels L and pivot I Iplaced for baking. The vitrified or steatite bed will retain heat for agreater period of time than the metallic beds heretofore used, insuringcleanliness with a decreased liability to sticking and scorching. Thetiles may be secured in position in any convenient manner.

A chamber, N, is formed beneath the floor P in the base of the rear ofthe oven, the sand contained therein absorbing heat to a high degree,that is again returned to the oven by 'the natural'law of ascension whena lower temperature than that in previous use is required to helpmaintain the equalization-as, for instance, one' kind of biscuitrequires, .owing to its composition, a high degree of heat. When thebaking of the required amount is accomplished and it is desired to usethe oven for the baking of those that require alowertemperature, thedampers are opened to cool off the oven, and when the degree of heat islowered and the dampers again regulated the chamber of sand parts withits'contained heat and assists to regulate and maintain the proper.temperature.

A series of dampers are so arranged in the inlet and exit draft-flues asto permit by their opening or closing of either a direct exit to thestack or the volume of heat as well as the volatile products ofcombustion turned directly into the oven to circulate within its area,and

also a direct draft through a flue directly under the grate-barspermitsat will the heat to enter the oven.

1. The combination, with a baking-oven having a fire-pot situated in thelower front part of the oven-space and an exitflne leading from a remoteportion of oven-space, of an 5 arched perforated cover for saidfire-pot, said cover being inclined from the front of the firepot towardthe exit'flne, as herein shown and described.

2. A baking-oven having afirepot in the to front thereof communicatingwith the interior of the oven-space and a wall in the rear of the ovenbetween the oven-space and the outletflue, said wall having graduatedopenings, the larger openings being farther from the outletflne than thesmaller openings.

CHARLES STEWART;

XVitn esses:

THOMAS J. BEWLEY, J NO. HARTM'AN, Jr.

